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Free PDF Oracle - 1z1-830 - Pass-Sure Valid Java SE 21 Developer Professional Study Plan

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Oracle Java SE 21 Developer Professional Sample Questions (Q60-Q65):

NEW QUESTION # 60
Given:
java
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Path p1 = Path.of("f1.txt");
Path p2 = Path.of("f2.txt");
Files.move(p1, p2);
Files.delete(p1);
}
}
In which case does the given program throw an exception?

A. Both files f1.txt and f2.txt exist
B. File f2.txt exists while file f1.txt doesn't
C. An exception is always thrown
D. File f1.txt exists while file f2.txt doesn't
E. Neither files f1.txt nor f2.txt exist

Answer: C

Explanation:
In this program, the following operations are performed:
* Paths Initialization:
* Path p1 is set to "f1.txt".
* Path p2 is set to "f2.txt".
* File Move Operation:
* Files.move(p1, p2); attempts to move (or rename) f1.txt to f2.txt.
* File Delete Operation:
* Files.delete(p1); attempts to delete f1.txt.
Analysis:
* If f1.txt Does Not Exist:
* The Files.move(p1, p2); operation will throw a NoSuchFileException because the source file f1.
txt is missing.
* If f1.txt Exists and f2.txt Does Not Exist:
* The Files.move(p1, p2); operation will successfully rename f1.txt to f2.txt.
* Subsequently, the Files.delete(p1); operation will throw a NoSuchFileException because p1 (now f1.txt) no longer exists after the move.
* If Both f1.txt and f2.txt Exist:
* The Files.move(p1, p2); operation will throw a FileAlreadyExistsException because the target file f2.txt already exists.
* If f2.txt Exists While f1.txt Does Not:
* Similar to the first scenario, the Files.move(p1, p2); operation will throw a NoSuchFileException due to the absence of f1.txt.
In all possible scenarios, an exception is thrown during the execution of the program.

NEW QUESTION # 61
Which of the following statements is correct about a final class?

A. It cannot implement any interface.
B. The final keyword in its declaration must go right before the class keyword.
C. It cannot be extended by any other class.
D. It must contain at least a final method.
E. It cannot extend another class.

Answer: C

Explanation:
In Java, the final keyword can be applied to classes, methods, and variables to impose certain restrictions.
Final Classes:
* Definition:A class declared with the final keyword is known as a final class.
* Purpose:Declaring a class as final prevents it from being subclassed. This is useful when you want to ensure that the class's implementation remains unchanged and cannot be extended or modified through inheritance.
Option Evaluations:
* A. The final keyword in its declaration must go right before the class keyword.
* This is correct. The syntax for declaring a final class is:
java
public final class ClassName {
// class body
}
* However, this statement is about syntax rather than the core characteristic of a final class.
* B. It must contain at least a final method.
* Incorrect. A final class can have zero or more methods, and none of them are required to be declared as final. The final keyword at the class level prevents inheritance, regardless of the methods' finality.
* C. It cannot be extended by any other class.
* Correct. The primary characteristic of a final class is that it cannot be subclassed. Attempting to do so will result in a compilation error.
* D. It cannot implement any interface.
* Incorrect. A final class can implement interfaces. Declaring a class as final restricts inheritance but does not prevent the class from implementing interfaces.
* E. It cannot extend another class.
* Incorrect. A final class can extend another class. The final keyword prevents the class from being subclassed but does not prevent it from being a subclass itself.
Therefore, the correct statement about a final class is option C: "It cannot be extended by any other class."

NEW QUESTION # 62
Given:
java
package com.vv;
import java.time.LocalDate;
public class FetchService {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
FetchService service = new FetchService();
String ack = service.fetch();
LocalDate date = service.fetch();
System.out.println(ack + " the " + date.toString());
}
public String fetch() {
return "ok";
}
public LocalDate fetch() {
return LocalDate.now();
}
}
What will be the output?

A. Compilation fails
B. ok the 2024-07-10
C. An exception is thrown
D. ok the 2024-07-10T07:17:45.523939600

Answer: A

Explanation:
In Java, method overloading allows multiple methods with the same name to exist in a class, provided they have different parameter lists (i.e., different number or types of parameters). However, having two methods with the exact same parameter list and only differing in return type is not permitted.
In the provided code, the FetchService class contains two fetch methods:
* public String fetch()
* public LocalDate fetch()
Both methods have identical parameter lists (none) but differ in their return types (String and LocalDate, respectively). This leads to a compilation error because the Java compiler cannot distinguish between the two methods based solely on return type.
The Java Language Specification (JLS) states:
"It is a compile-time error to declare two methods with override-equivalent signatures in a class." In this context, "override-equivalent" means that the methods have the same name and parameter types, regardless of their return types.
Therefore, the code will fail to compile due to the duplicate method signatures, and the correct answer is B:
Compilation fails.

NEW QUESTION # 63
Given:
java
final Stream<String> strings =
Files.readAllLines(Paths.get("orders.csv"));
strings.skip(1)
.limit(2)
.forEach(System.out::println);
And that the orders.csv file contains:
mathematica
OrderID,Customer,Product,Quantity,Price
1,Kylian Mbappe,Keyboard,2,25.50
2,Teddy Riner,Mouse,1,15.99
3,Sebastien Loeb,Monitor,1,199.99
4,Antoine Griezmann,Headset,3,45.00
What is printed?

A. arduino
1,Kylian Mbappe,Keyboard,2,25.50
2,Teddy Riner,Mouse,1,15.99
3,Sebastien Loeb,Monitor,1,199.99
4,Antoine Griezmann,Headset,3,45.00
B. An exception is thrown at runtime.
C. Compilation fails.
D. arduino
2,Teddy Riner,Mouse,1,15.99
3,Sebastien Loeb,Monitor,1,199.99
E. arduino
1,Kylian Mbappe,Keyboard,2,25.50
2,Teddy Riner,Mouse,1,15.99

Answer: B,C

Explanation:
1. Why Does Compilation Fail?
* The error is in this line:
java
final Stream<String> strings = Files.readAllLines(Paths.get("orders.csv"));
* Files.readAllLines(Paths.get("orders.csv")) returns a List<String>,not a Stream<String>.
* A List<String> cannot be assigned to a Stream<String>.
2. Correcting the Code
* The correct way to create a stream from the file:
java
Stream<String> strings = Files.lines(Paths.get("orders.csv"));
* This correctly creates a Stream<String> from the file.
3. Expected Output After Fixing
java
Files.lines(Paths.get("orders.csv"))
skip(1) // Skips the header row
limit(2) // Limits to first two data rows
forEach(System.out::println);
* Output:
arduino
1,Kylian Mbappe,Keyboard,2,25.50
2,Teddy Riner,Mouse,1,15.99
Thus, the correct answer is:Compilation fails.
References:
* Java SE 21 - Files.readAllLines
* Java SE 21 - Files.lines

NEW QUESTION # 64
Given:
java
var sList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Customer>();
Which of the following statements is correct?

A. The CopyOnWriteArrayList class's iterator reflects all additions, removals, or changes to the list since the iterator was created.
B. Element-changing operations on iterators of CopyOnWriteArrayList, such as remove, set, and add, are supported and do not throw UnsupportedOperationException.
C. The CopyOnWriteArrayList class is not thread-safe and does not prevent interference amongconcurrent threads.
D. The CopyOnWriteArrayList class is a thread-safe variant of ArrayList where all mutative operations are implemented by making a fresh copy of the underlying array.
E. The CopyOnWriteArrayList class does not allow null elements.

Answer: D

Explanation:
The CopyOnWriteArrayList is a thread-safe variant of ArrayList in which all mutative operations (such as add, set, and remove) are implemented by creating a fresh copy of the underlying array. This design allows for safe iteration over the list without requiring external synchronization, as iterators operate over a snapshot of the array at the time the iterator was created. Consequently, modifications made to the list after the creation of an iterator are not reflected in that iterator.
docs.oracle.com
Evaluation of Options:
* Option A:Correct. This statement accurately describes the behavior of CopyOnWriteArrayList.
* Option B:Incorrect. CopyOnWriteArrayList is thread-safe and is designed to prevent interference among concurrent threads.
* Option C:Incorrect. Iterators of CopyOnWriteArrayList do not reflect additions, removals, or changes made to the list after the iterator was created; they operate on a snapshot of the list's state at the time of their creation.
* Option D:Incorrect. CopyOnWriteArrayList allows null elements.
* Option E:Incorrect. Element-changing operations on iterators, such as remove, set, and add, are not supported in CopyOnWriteArrayList and will throw UnsupportedOperationException.

NEW QUESTION # 65
......

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